Science & Weather · Physics
Density Calculator — Density, Mass & Volume
Find density from mass and volume, the mass of a known volume, or the volume a mass takes up — in kg, g, lb, litres, m³, cubic feet, gallons and more. Pick a common material (water, steel, gold, petrol…) to fill in its density, and see the specific gravity and whether it floats in water.
Also listed inEducationEngineering
Your inputs
Quick start — try a typical case
Your result Live
Density
1,250 kg/m³
1.25 g/cm³ · 78.035 lb/ft³
- Specific Gravity
- 1.25 — sinks in water
- Density in Other Units
- 1.25 g/mL · 78.035 lb/ft³ · 10.432 lb/US gal
How this is calculated
ρ = m ÷ V · m = ρ × V · V = m ÷ ρ · specific gravity = ρ ÷ ρ(water, 4 °C)
- ρ
- Density (kg/m³; 1 g/cm³ = 1,000 kg/m³)
- m, V
- Mass and volume
Density is how much mass is packed into a volume. Divide mass by volume to get it; multiply density by volume to get the mass of an object, or divide mass by density to get the volume. Water is about 1 g/cm³ (1,000 kg/m³), so anything with a specific gravity below 1 floats.
Assumptions & sources
- Material densities are typical values near room temperature; real samples vary with temperature, purity and porosity.
- 1Densities of solids, liquids and gases — The Engineering ToolBox
- 2Conversion factors for SI and customary units (NIST SP 811) — US National Institute of Standards and Technology
Calculator ID SCI-DENSITY-001 · version 1.0.0
Common questions
What is the density of water?
About 1,000 kg/m³ (1 g/mL): 999.97 at 4 °C, 998.2 at 20 °C.
How do I find mass from volume?
Multiply the volume by the density. 2 litres of milk at 1.03 kg/L weighs 2.06 kg.
What is specific gravity?
Density divided by water's density — a pure number. Steel's is about 7.85: it's 7.85 times as dense as water.